HUBUNGAN PEMBENTUKAN BIOFILM OLEH BAKTERI GRAM NEGATIF DENGAN RESISTENSI ANTIBIOTIK PADA WANITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2
Abstract
Diabetes melitus (DM) memiliki efek jangka panjang terhadap sistem genitourinari yang menjadi faktor predisposisi terjadinya infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) pada pasien wanita dan umumnya bersifat asimtomatik. Bakteri gram negatif merupakan mikroorganisme penyebab tersering yang dapat membentuk biofilm sehingga sering menyebabkan resistensi antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan hubungan antara pembentukan biofilm bakteri gram negatif dengan resistensi antibiotik pada wanita diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan teknik total sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian adalah 45 orang wanita DMT2 anggota Program Pengendalian Penyakit Kronis (PROLANIS). Pada semua responden dilakukan kultur urin porsi tengah, uji sensitivitas dan pemeriksaan biofilm terhadap isolat bakteri yang teridentifikasi. Hasil kultur urin menunjukkan bakteriuria signifikan 14 (31%) responden. Identifikasi koloni menunjukkan bakteri penyebab ISK antara lain Escherichia coli (35,7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (35,7%), Enterobacter sp (21,5%) dan Citrobacter sp (7,1%). Uji sensitivitas dijumpai 8 (57%) isolat resisten terhadap antibiotik, yaitu 2 (14,2%) isolat terhadap ciprofloksasin dan 6 (42,8%) isolat terhadap TMP-SMX. Bakteri gram negatif yang diisolasi 100% mampu membentuk biofilm dengan kategori weak. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat dengan uji Rank Spearman correlation dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapatnya hubungan yang sangat lemah antara pembentukan biofilm oleh bakteri gram negatif dengan resistensi antibiotik ciprofloksasin dan TMP-SMX.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/averrous.v4i1.804
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