Mutagen Ethyl Methane Sulphonate Menginduksi Keragaman Genetik Kedelai (Glycine max (L.)Merr.) Kultivar Gepak Kuning Pada Generasi M2
Abstract
Kedelai merupakan salah satu tanaman dalam famili Leguminoceae yang sangat berperan penting sebagai sumber protein nabati bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Peningkatan produksi kedelai nasional dapat dilakukan dengan program pemuliaan tanaman, khususnya pemuliaan mutasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji keragaman genetik kedelai gepak kuning sebagai respon terhadap perlakuan mutagen EMS (etil metana sulfonat) pada generasi M2. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Gle Madat, Aceh Utara serta Laboratorium Agroekoteknologi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-April 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok non faktorial. Faktor yang diuji adalah populasi kedelai Gepak kuning yang terdiri dari empat taraf yaitu populasi kontrol (0% EMS, E0, 0,05% populasi EMS (El), 0,075% populasi EMS (E2), dan 0,3% populasi EMS (El). E3 ). Karakteristik agronomi yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang produktif, umur saat berbunga, umur saat panen, jumlah polong per tanaman, bobot 100 biji, bobot biji kering per tanaman, bobot biji kering per plot. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan mutagen EMS menyebabkan perubahan morfologi dan agronomi kedelai Gepak kuning pada generasi M2. Perubahan morfologi yang terjadi diantaranya perubahan warna daun dan perubahan bentuk daun. Perubahan agronomi yang terjadi diantaranya tinggi tanaman umur 2 dan 4 MST, jumlah cabang, jumlah polong/tanaman, bobot biji per tanaman, bobot 100 biji dan bobot biji kering per plot.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/agrium.v21i3.18695
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