Pengaruh peningkatan suhu dan waktu pemberian pakan terhadap laju pengambilan pakan pada karang lunak Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp.

Agung Mahayoni Aksari, Ni Luh Watiniasih, Widiastuti Widiastuti

Abstract


Abstrak

Meningkatnya suhu rata-rata permukaan laut menyebabkan kerusakan ekosistem terumbu karang, salah satu akibatnya adalah menurunkan laju pengambilan pakan oleh karang lunak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan laju pengambilan pakan pada suhu berbeda antara karang lunak Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp., mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan suhu, waktu pemberian pakan serta interaksi pengaruh peningkatan suhu dan waktu pemberian pakan terhadap laju pengambilan pakan pada karang lunak Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp. Sampel karang lunak diperoleh dari hasil budidaya PT. Dinar Darum Lestari di Perairan Teluk Pegametan, Desa Sumberkima, Kabupaten Buleleng. Sampel fragmen karang diaklimatisasi selama 2 minggu sebelum eksperimen dilakukan dan diberi pakan 2 kali seminggu pada suhu 26°C (suhu kontrol). Perlakuan suhu dilakukan dengan menaikkan suhu air di akuarium 1°C setiap jam untuk mencapai suhu 31°C (suhu stres) dan selanjutnya suhu dipertahankan selama 5 hari. Masing-masing akuarium (26°C dan 31°C) diberikan pakan Artemia salina pada hari kedua dan keempat dengan kepadatan 100 ekor per fragmen di pagi hari selama 3 jam.  Sisa pakan diambil dengan pipet tetes lalu dihitung sampai sisa pakan pada gelas ukur tersebut habis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju pengambilan pakan antara karang lunak Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp. tidak berbeda signifikan baik pada suhu kontrol maupun suhu stress. Hal ini diduga karena kedua jenis fragmen karang lunak memiliki toleransi suhu yang relatif sama. Peningkatan suhu mempengaruhi laju pengambilan pakan pada kedua jenis karang lunak secara signifikan. Tetapi, waktu pemberian pakan serta interaksi antara suhu dan waktu pemberian pakan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap laju pengambilan pakan. Kenaikan suhu diduga mempengaruhi metabolisme pada karang lunak, sehingga menurunkan kemampuan mengambil pakan. Stres yang dialami kedua jenis karang lunak ketika diinkubasi pada 31oC terus terjadi selama karang lunak diinkubasi pada suhu tersebut sehingga tidak mempengaruhi laju pengambilan pakan pada semua waktu pemberian pakan.

Kata kunci: karang lunak; Sarcophyton sp.; Sinularia sp.; peningkatan suhu; laju pengambilan pakan; waktu pemberian pakan

Abstract

Increased the mean sea surface temperatures cause damage to coral reef ecosystems, one of those mechanisms is reducing the feeding capacity in soft corals. This study aimed to examine the feeding rates of soft corals Sinularia sp. and Sarcophyton sp. at different temperatures to determine the effect of increasing temperature, feeding time and interaction between those factors on feeding rates of soft corals Sarcophyton sp. and Sinularia sp. Samples of Soft corals were obtained from the cultured of PT. Dinar Darum Lestari in Pegametan Bay Waters, Sumberkima village, Buleleng Regency. Before the experiment, coral fragments were acclimatized for 2 weeks and fed twice a week at 26 °C (control temperature). The experiment started by increasing the water temperature in the aquarium at 1°C every hour to reach 31°C (stress temperature). Once the temperature reached, it kept for 5 days. Each aquarium (26 and 31°C) was fed by Artemia salina nauplii on the second and fourth days with density 100 animals/fragments for 3 hours in the morning. The remained prey was taken by Pasteur pipette and counted manually. The results showed that there was no significant difference in feeding rates in Sarcophyton sp. dan Sinularia sp. at both control and stress temperatures. It is argued that both soft corals relatively have the same temperature tolerance. The increased temperature significantly affected the feeding rate in both soft corals. However, feeding time and interaction between temperature and feeding time did not have a significant effect on the feeding rate. It is assumed that the increased temperature reduces the feeding rate in these soft corals. Moreover, these soft corals seem suffering from stress due to incubate in high temperature (31°C) continuously, caused no significant difference in the feeding rates at all feeding times.

Keywords: soft coral; Sarcophyton sp.; Sinularia sp.; increased temperature; feeding rate; feeding time


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/aa.v7i2.2526

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