Estimasi ukuran optimal eksploitasi beberapa jenis ikan di Waduk Jatiluhur, Jawa Barat
Abstract
Abstrak
Waduk Ir. H. Djuanda atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Waduk Jatiluhur mempunyai keanekaragaman jenis ikan yang tinggi. Namun saat ini mengalami penurunan produksi ikan yang diakibatkan oleh degradasi lingkungan, keberadaan spesies asing invasif dan aktivitas penangkapan. Alat tangkap yang banyak digunakan oleh nelayan adalah jaring insang. Jaring insang merupakan alat tangkap selektif yang mampu menangkap ikan pada ukuran tertentu berdasarkan ukuran mata jaring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ukuran optimal untuk eksploitasi beberapa jenis ikan dalam rangka pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan di Waduk Jatiluhur. Pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan melalui penelusuran pustaka dan instansi terkait. Data primer diperoleh dari penelitian dengan percobaan penangkapan menggunakan jaring insang dengan ukuran mata jaring 1,0; 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; 3,5 dan 4,0 inci serta wawancara dengan nelayan. Pemasangan jaring insang dilakukan di enam stasiun yaitu Muara Sungai Cihuni-Cibadak, Sungai Cikanyayan, Sungai Cirirp, Cihonje, Pasir Kole dan Cilalawi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran optimal untuk eksploitasi ikan hampal, lalawak, nila, nilem dan tawes masing-masing adalah 25,5; 17,0; 21,5; 16,5 dan 25,0 cm dengan menggunakan jaring insang dengan ukuran mata jaring ≥ 3 inci.
Kata kunci: Waduk Jatiluhur; jenis ikan; panjang total; jaring insang
Abstract
Ir. H. Djuanda reservoirs or most famous as Jatiluhur have high fish biodiversity. However, currently shown a decline of fish production caused by environmental degradation, invasive alien species and fishing activities. The gillnet is dominant fishing gear for fish capture at Jatiluhur. Gillnet is a very selective fishing gear that are capable for capture fish on certain size based on mesh size. The aim of the research was to known optimal size for fish exploitation to manage fisheries resources at Jatiluhur Reservoirs. The secondary data was colected from literature study and relevan institutions and primary data was obtained from research with experimental gillnet with mesh size 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; 3.5 and 4.0 inch and interview with the fisheman. The experimental gillnet were carried at six stations namely Muara Sungai Cihuni-Cibadak, Sungai Cikanyayan, Sungai Cirirp, Cihonje, Pasir Kole dan Cilalawi. Result of the research shown the optimal length for exploitation of hampala barb, Barbonymus balleroides, nile tilapia, bonylip barb and silver barb were 25.5; 17.0; 21.5; 16,5 and 25.0 cm respectively using gillnet with mesh size ≥ 3 inch.
Keywords: Jatiluhur Reservoir; fish species; total length; gillnet
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/aa.v6i1.1200
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