.png)
THE STRATEGY OF #METOO MOVEMENT TO FIGHT FOR THE RIGHTS OF THE VICTIMS OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN SOUTH KOREA
Abstract
This study discusses the adoption of the #MeToo Movement in South Korea in 2018 as one of the movements to reduce the problem of sexual harassment that still occurs in South Korea. The number of cases of sexual harassment in South Korea is still high this is due to the culture they still follow which then hinders any resolution or reduction of the number of cases of sexual harassment. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive research method, with data collection from a literature study. This study then discusses the strategies used by this movement with the aim of fighting for the rights of victims that have been taken for a long time. The results of the study found that the #MeToo Movement used a strategy of visibility and audibility in the concept of global civil society to voice the voices of victims and the aspirations of their supporters so that there would be beneficial changes for victims. The strategy of visibility and audibility is used so that their voices can be seen and heard directly by the community and the government.
Penelitian ini membahas diadopsinya gerakan #MeToo di Korea Selatan pada tahun 2018 sebagai salah satu gerakan untuk mengurangi permasalahan pelecehan seksual yang masih banyak terjadi di Korea Selatan. Angka kasus pelecehan seksual di Korea Selatan masih tinggi hal ini disebabkan oleh budaya yang masih mereka ikuti yang kemudian menghambat adanya penyelesaian atau pengurangan terhadap angka kasus pelecehan seksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif-deskriptif, dengan pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini kemudian mendiskusikan bagaimana strategi yang digunakan oleh gerakan ini dengan tujuan untuk memperjuangkan hak-hak korban. Hasil penelitian menemukan Gerakan #MeToo menggunakan strategi visibility dan audibility dalam konsep global civil society untuk menyuarakan suara korban dan aspirasi para pendukung agar adanya perubahan yang menguntungkan bagi korban. Strategi visibility dan audibility digunakan agar suara mereka dapat dilihat dan didengar secara langsung oleh masyarakat maupun pemerintah.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aart Scholte, J. (1999). Global Civil Society: Changing The World? (No. 31).
Arirang News. (2018a). MeToo movement accelerating in Korea’s culture industry. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X8NM1L2BW5s
Arirang News. (2018b). MeToo movement reshaping roots of Korean society. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wkgf1Es6nH0
ASIAN BOSS. (2018). What’s The State Of The #MeToo Movement in Korea? Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=drRQVI58c-E
Borgerding, K. (2017). The ‘Me Too’ Movement Against Sexual Harassment and Assault is Sweeping Social Media, Recode. Https://Www.Recode.Net/2017/10/16/16482410/Metoo-Social-Media-Protest-Facebook-Twitter-Instagram.
Brent, D. A., & Melhem, N. (2008). Familial Transmission of Suicidal Behavior. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 31(2), 157–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2008.02.001
Burke, T. (2017). Me Too Movement: The Inception. Https://Metoomvmt.Org/the-Inception/.
Chau, C. (2022). Sexual harassment victims in South Korea face retaliation. Hrmasia. https://hrmasia.com/sexual-harassment-victims-in-south-korea-face-retaliation/
Choo, H. Y. (2021). From Madwomen to Whistleblowers: MeToo in South Korea as an Institutional Critique. Feminist Formations, 33(3), 256–270. https://doi.org/10.1353/ff.2021.0048
CNN Indonesia. (2020). Mantan Pacar Goo Hara Divonis 1 Tahun Penjara Soal Pelecehan . CNN Indonesia . https://www.cnnindonesia.com/hiburan/20201015103636-234-558659/mantan-pacar-goo-hara-divonis-1-tahun-penjara-soal-pelecehan
Dewi, F. R. (2019). Pengaruh Gerakan #MeToo terhadap Perubahan Kebijakan tentang Pelecehan Seksual di Amerika Serikat Tahun 2017-2019.
Edelman, M. (2001). Social Movement: Changing Paradigms and Forms of Politics. Annual Review of Anthropology , 30. http://www.jstor.org/stable/3069218
Eun-gong, S., & Sulivan, M. (2018). South Korea Women Fight Back Against Spy Cams In Public Bathroom. NPR. https://www.npr.org/2018/10/19/648720360/south-korean-women-fight-back-against-spy-cams-in-public-bathrooms
Evelyn, N., & Melody, K. (2019). In South Korea, Being Drunk Is a Legal Defense for Rape. Https://Ksr.Hkspublications.Org/2019/07/16/in-South-Korea-Being-Drunk-Is-a- Legal-Defense-for-Rape/ .
Fauzia W, Y., & Lestari, W. (2007). Gangguan Stres Pasca Trauma pada Korban Pelecehan Seksual dan Perkosaan. Pusat Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Sistim Dan Kebijakan Kesehatan, 20(4).
Hasunuma, L., & Shin, K. young. (2019). #MeToo in Japan and South Korea: #WeToo, #WithYou. Journal of Women, Politics and Policy, 40(1), 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1080/1554477X.2019.1563416
Hosterman, A. R., Johnson, N. R., Stouffer, R., & Herring, S. (2018). Twitter, Social Support Messages and the #MeToo Movement. In The Journal of Social Media in Society Fall (Vol. 7, Issue 2).
Jessie, Y., & Gawon, B. (2022). As Korean employees return to the office, so does “gapjil” workplace harassment. CNN World. https://edition.cnn.com/2022/07/04/asia/south-korea-gapjil-harassment-survey-intl-hnk/index.html
JTBC News. (2018a). 인터뷰] “검찰 내 성추행 폭로” 서지현 검사 (2018.01.29). Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QjHcQhmfIVo&t=5s
JTBC News. (2018b). [인터뷰] 문화계 “미투 폭로” 최영미 시인 (2018.02.06). Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOY-cn_lJkY
JTBC News. (2018c). [인터뷰] “안희정 지사 성폭력” 폭로…김지은 충남도 정무비서 (2018.03.05). Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o7TO1Pv_t2s&t=139s
KBS News. (2018). Korea’s “Me Too” Movement | KBS뉴스 | KBS NEWS. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YzYwkzIZEX0
Kyung-don, N. (2022). [Graphic News] 8 out of 10 workplace sexual harassment victims face retaliation. The Korean Herald. https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20220606000255
L, Y. (2022). Sexual assault rate South Korea 2008-2020. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1232139/south-korea-sexual-assault-rate/
Meilanesia, S. (2021). Dampak Gerakan #MeToo di Korea Selatan Pada Tahun 2018-2020 . JOM FISIP , 8(II).
“METOO.” GLOBAL MOVEMENT . (n.d.). Global Fund For Women . Retrieved September 13, 2022, from https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/movements/me-too/
National Human Rights Commission of Korea (NHRCK). (2018). NHRCK Surveys Spotlights Sexual Harassment of School Students, Asia Pacific Forum. Https://Www.Asiapacificforum.Net/News/Nhrck-Survey-Spotlights-Sexual-Harassment-School-Students/.
Njoku, J. (2022). What To Do When Faced With Sexual Harassment In South Korea . Korea Local Pages.
Quartz. (2018). How feminists in South Korea paved the way for #MeToo. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7owoFWtfkfk
Ran, H. (2020). Kejahatan Seksual Digital di Korea Selatan Kian Merajalela. Tempo.Co. https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1473157/kejahatan-seksual-digital-di-korea-selatan-kian-merajalela
Rijal, N. K. (2021). The Role of Global Civil Society at the Local Level in Climate Change Mitigation: A Case Study of Earth Hour’s Activities in Malang. Global: Jurnal Politik Internasional, 22(2), 191. https://doi.org/10.7454/global.v22i2.422
Rijal, N. K., & Anggraheni, P. (2019). Strategi Global Civil Society di Level Lokal: Kasus Earth Hour Malang. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 4(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.24198/intermestic.v4n1.3
Sarah, K., Sa-ra, P., & Ho-jin, Y. (2018). Harrasment Stories Mushroom. Korea JoongAng Daily . https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2018/02/05/socialAffairs/Harrasment-stories-mushroom/3044244.html
Schieber, O. (2020). South Korea Needs to Contend With Sexual Violence. Foreign Policy .
Se-Yung, P. (2019). Sexual Harassment In South Korea. Lyceum , 1.
Shin, K. (2021). Beyond #WithYou: The New Generation of Feminists and the #MeToo Movement in South Korea. Politics & Gender, 17(3), 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1743923X2100026X
So-Bum, H. (2018). Let Us End Sexual Violence: 20,000 Took to the Street Just like the Candle Light Protest. Http://Www.Hankookilbo.Com/News/Read/201808191607711243.
Soo Hyun, K. (2018). 80% of Koreans Support #MeToo Movement. Http://Www.Koreaherald.Com/View.Php?Ud=20180502000760.
Sukmadinata, & Nana Syaodih. (2017). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Sun-Hee, Y. (2018). [Exclusive] 1 out of 10 female filmmakers, “I Was asked to have unwanted sex.” Http://Www.Hani.Co.Kr/Arti/Culture/Movie/831160.Html .
The Herald Story. (2018). 성폭력 양성의 뇌가 집은 충격적인 일들 I 미투 심리학. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KbG8cTsN9Fg&list=LL&index=2&t=3s
TIME. (2018). Seo Ji-hyun, The South Korean Prosecutor Who Spoke Up & Sparked The Country’s MeToo Movement | TIME. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5ZM18oyuSY
UN Committee on The Elemination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). (2018). Concerns and Recommendations on The Republic of Korea. Https://Tbinternet.Ohchr.Org/Treaties/CEDAW/Shared%20Documents/KOR/INT_CEDAW_NGO_ KOR_30063_E.Pdf.
Widya Kumalasari, O., & Nafiatur Rosyida, H. (2022). Upaya Korea Women’s Assosiation United Dalam Memperjuangkan Kesetaraan Gender di Ranah Politik Korea Selatan (Vol. 6, Issue 1). http://jurnal.um-tapsel.ac.id/index.php/muqoddimah
Yonhap, H. (2018). Kasus Pelecehan Seksual Meningkat Tajam di Korea Selatan. Https://Mediaindonesia.Com/Internasional/149036/Kasus-Pelecehan-Seksual-Meningkat-Tajam-Di-Korea.
Yonhap News. (2018). Korea Toughening Rules Against Dating Violence, Stalking. Https://En.Yna.Co.Kr/View/AEN20180222001500315 .
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/jspm.v3i2.8724
Article Metrics
Abstract Views : 990 times
PDF Downloaded : 9 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Yana Dwifa Saraswati, Najamuddin Khairur Rijal, Shannaz Mutiara Deniar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
INDEXED BY:
.png)
Redaksi Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Malikussaleh (JSPM): Gedung Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Malikussaleh. Kampus Bukit Indah Jln. Sumatera No.8, Kec. Muara Satu Kota Lhokseumawe, Prov. Aceh, Indonesia. eMail: jspm@unimal.ac.id
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License