Pedogenesis Dan Klasifikasi Tanah Sub-Das Peusangan Hilir Berdasarkan Sistem Klasifikasi Taksonomi Tanah Dan Fao-Unesco

Khusrizal Khusrizal; Nada Oktavia; Muliana Muliana; Nasruddin Nasruddin

doi:10.29103/agrium.v19i4.9731

Pedogenesis Dan Klasifikasi Tanah Sub-Das Peusangan Hilir Berdasarkan Sistem Klasifikasi Taksonomi Tanah Dan Fao-Unesco

Khusrizal Khusrizal, Nada Oktavia, Muliana Muliana, Nasruddin Nasruddin

Abstract

Perubahan tutupan lahan dan penggunaan lahan secara intensif di Sub-Daerah Aliran Sungai (sub-DAS) Krueng Peusangan Hilir dapat berimplikasi pada perubahan sifat-sifat tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pedogenesis dan mengklasifikan tanah di sub-DAS Peusangan Hilir berdasarkan sistem klasifikasi taksonomi tanah dan berdasarkan FAO-UNESCO. Data-data morfologi tanah dikumpulkan dari hasil identifikasi dua profil tanah pewakil di area studi yaitu profil GM-1 dan CB-2. Data-data sifat fisika dan kimia tanah diperoleh dari hasil analisis contoh tanah di laboratorium. Beberapa contoh tanah dimaksud diambil dari setiap horison pada kedua profil tanah pewakil tersebut. Seluruh data tanah diinterpretasi untuk mengetahui proses pedogenesis yang terjadi, serta untuk mengklasifikasi tanah pada kedua profil dimaksud berdasarkan sistim klasifikasi taksonomi tanah (order hingga sub-group) dan FAO-UNESCO (great-group dan sub-group). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan sifat-sifat morfologi, fisika, dan kimia tanah antar kedua profil GM-1 dan CB-2. Proses pedogenesis yang dijumpai di area studi meliputi pencucian, erosi, braunifikasi/rubifikasi dan lessivage, proses pencucian, erosi dan lessivage hanya ditemukan pada profil CB-2. Berdasarkan sistim klasifikasi taksonomi tanah untuk kategori order, sub-order, great-group, sub-group, profil GM-1 termasuk Entisols, Psamment, Ustipsamments dan Aridic Ustipsamments. Profil CB-2 tergolong Ultisols, Ustult, Haplustult, dan Kanhaplic Haplustult. Jenis tanah menurut sistim klasifikasi tanah FAO-UNESCO untuk kategori great-group dan sub-group profil GM-1 masing-masing adalah Fulvisols dan Eutric Fluvisols, dan profil CB-2 Acrisols dan Haplic Acrisols.

Keywords

Ciri tanah, proses pedogenesis, horison penciri, taksonomi tanah, FAO/UNESCO, jenis tanah

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/agrium.v19i4.9731