6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236 379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records

Sindi Qistina Asriati

Abstract


Background Neurological and psychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 have been reported, but more data are needed to adequately assess the effects of COVID-19 on brain health. We aimed to provide robust estimates of incidence rates and relative risks of neurological and psychiatric diagnoses in patients in the 6 months following a COVID-19 diagnosis.


Keywords


Our study provides evidence for substantial neurological and psychiatric morbidity in the 6 months after COVID-19 infection. Risks were greatest in, but not limited to, patients who had severe COVID-19. This information could help in service planning and

Full Text:

PDF

References


Rogers JP, Chesney E, Oliver D, et al. Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;

: 611–27.

Ellul MA, Benjamin L, Singh B, et al. Neurological associations of COVID-19. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19: 767–83.

Varatharaj A, Thomas N, Ellul MA, et al. Neurological and neuropsychiatric complications of COVID-19 in 153 patients:

a UK-wide surveillance study. Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7: 875–82.

Paterson RW, Brown RL, Benjamin L, et al. The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings. Brain 2020; 143: 3104–20.

Kremer S, Lersy F, Anheim M, et al. Neurologic and neuroimaging findings in patients with COVID-19: a retrospective multicenter study. Neurology 2020; 95: e1868–82.

Pezzini A, Padovani A. Lifting the mask on neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16: 636–44.

Raman B, Cassar MP, Tunnicliffe EM, et al. Medium-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on multiple vital organs, exercise capacity, cognition, quality of life and mental health, post-hospital discharge. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 31: 100683.

Iadecola C, Anrather J, Kamel H. Effects of COVID-19 on the nervous system. Cell 2020; 183: 16–27.

Kreye J, Reincke SM, Prüss H. Do cross-reactive antibodies cause neuropathology in COVID-19? Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20: 645–46.

Meinhardt J, Radke J, Dittmayer C, et al. Olfactory transmucosal SARS-CoV-2 invasion as a port of central nervous system entry in individuals with COVID-19. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24: 168–75.

Rhea EM, Logsdon AF, Hansen KM, et al. The S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 crosses the blood-brain barrier in mice. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24: 368–78.

Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7: 547–60.

Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: systematic review of the current evidence.

Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89: 531–42.

Taquet M, Luciano S, Geddes JR, Harrison PJ. Bidirectional associations between COVID-19 and psychiatric disorder: retrospective cohort studies of 62 354 COVID-19 cases in the USA. Lancet Psychiatry 2021; 8: 130–40.

de Lusignan S, Dorward J, Correa A, et al. Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among patients in the Oxford Royal College of

General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care network: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Infect Dis 2020;

: 1034–42.

Williamson EJ, Walker AJ, Bhaskaran K, et al. Factors associated with COVID-19-related death using OpenSAFELY. Nature 2020; 584: 430–36.

Slooter AJC, Otte WM, Devlin JW, et al. Updated nomenclature of delirium and acute encephalopathy: statement of ten Societies. Intensive Care Med 2020; 46: 1020–22.

Oldham MA, Slooter AJC, Cunningham C, et al. Characterising neuropsychiatric disorders in patients with COVID-19.

Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7: 932–33.

Austin PC. An introduction to propensity score methods for reducing the effects of confounding in observational studies. Multivariate Behav Res 2011; 46: 399–424.

Haukoos JS, Lewis RJ. The propensity score. JAMA 2015;

: 1637–38.

Royston P, Parmar MKB. Flexible parametric proportional-hazards and proportional-odds models for censored survival data, with application to prognostic modelling and estimation of treatment effects. Stat Med 2002; 21: 2175–97.

Panigada M, Bottino N, Tagliabue P, et al. Hypercoagulability of COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit: a report of thromboelastography findings and other parameters of hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18: 1738–42.

Siow I, Lee KS, Zhang JJY, Saffari SE, Ng A, Young B. Stroke as a neurological complication of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, outcomes and predictors.

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30: 105549.

Hernandez-Fernandez F, Valencia HS, Barbella-Aponte R, et al. Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19: neuroimaging, histological and clinical description. Brain 2020; 143: 3089–103.

Xie Y, Bowe B, Maddukuri G, Al-Aly Z. Comparative evaluation of clinical manifestations and risk of death in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 and seasonal influenza: cohort study. BMJ 2020; 371: m4677.

Keddie S, Pakpoor J, Mousele C, et al. Epidemiological and cohort study finds no association between COVID-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Brain 2020; published online Dec 14. https://doi. org/10.1093/brain/awaa433.

Hoffman LA, Vilensky JA. Encephalitis lethargica: 100 years after the epidemic. Brain 2017; 140: 2246–51.

Watson CJ, Thomas RH, Solomon T, Michael BD, Nicholson TR, Pollak TA. COVID-19 and psychosis risk: real or delusional concern? Neurosci Lett 2021; 741: 135491.

Casey JA, Schwartz BS, Stewart WF, Adler NE. Using electronic health records for population health research: a review of methods and applications. Annu Rev Public Health 2016; 37: 61–81.

Docherty AB, Harrison EM, Green CA, et al. Features of 20 133 UK patients in hospital with covid-19 using the ISARIC WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol: prospective observational cohort study. BMJ 2020; 369: m1985.


Article Metrics

 Abstract Views : 312 times
 PDF Downloaded : 11 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Latihan

License URL: https://creativecommons.org

scatter hitam gacor