Vitiligo

Yuanita Ananda; Malahayati Malahayati

doi:10.29103/jkkmm.v4i1.19074

Vitiligo

Yuanita Ananda, Malahayati Malahayati

Abstract

Kata vitiligo pertama kali digunakan oleh Celsus di buku kedokteran klasik berbahasa Latin De re medicina pada abad pertama sesudah Masehi. Beberapa ahli mengatakan berasal dari kata “vitelius” yang berarti anak sapi, merujuk pada bercak putih yang terdapat pada anak sapi. Vitiligo adalah suatu kelainan depigmentasi kulit yang terjadi akibat adanya kerusakan selektif melanosit yang bersifat kronik, dengan karakteristik makula dan patch depigmentasi dengan batas yang jelas. Prevalensi vitiligo secara global diperkirakan sekitar 0,5-2% di seluruh dunia Sekitar 2 juta orang di Amerika dilaporkan menderita vitiligo. Di India, terdapat 4% populasi yang menderita vitiligo. Di Indonesia, tidak ada sumber kuat yang menunjukkan berapa jumlah atau prevalensi vitiligo. Awitan penyakit ini secara umum dimulai dari masa kanak-kanak atau dewasa muda dengan onset usia 10-30 tahun, serta dapat menyerang semua ras dan jenis kelamin, tetapi perempuan lebih banyak mencari pengobatan karena masalah kosmetik. Vitiligo merupakan penyakit multifaktorial dengan patogenesis yang kompleks. Penyebab penyakit ini masih belum diketahui secara pasti. Pengobatan vitiligo konvensional meliputi terapi farmakologi secara topikal, maupun oral, fototerapi, dan tindakan bedah.

Keywords

Depigmentasi kulit, fototerapi, vitiligo

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29103/jkkmm.v4i1.19074