The Impact of Verbal Violence that the Family Members are Making on Children's Social Emotional Aspects: A Case Study In Early Age 2-4 Years

The survey results stated that the number of violence against children reached 47% ". Based on the recapitulation and survey of acts of violence against children, verbal violence is still rarely studied, while children are very vulnerable to acts of domestic violence. They are often victims. This happens because the child is in a weak position. Based on this background, the researcher finally decided that the title of this thesis was "The impact of verbal violence by family members on the social emotional aspects of early childhood 2-4 years.


INTRODUCTION
The survey results stated that the number of violence against children reached 47% ". Based on the recapitulation and survey of acts of violence against children, verbal violence is still rarely studied, while children are very vulnerable to acts of domestic violence. They are often victims. This happens because the child is in a weak position. Based on this background, the researcher finally decided that the title of this thesis was "The impact of verbal violence by family members on the social emotional aspects of early childhood 2-4 years.
Based on the backgroundof the problem above, the focus of the research is: a) how do forms of verbal violence be carried out by family members, b) how is the social emotional development of children aged 2-4, c) factors that cause verbal violence by family members to aspects social emotional early childhood ages 2-4 and d) the impact of verbal violence on the development of the emotional aspects of early childhood 2-4 years. a) Forms of Verbal Violence.
The pattern of violent behavior carried out by family members actually inherits the pattern and culture of violence on children. Unconsciously, our speech can be very painful for children and make children angry or hold grudges against us. The category of verbal violence according to [7] is high-pitched, cursing, labeling negative (the fool, the ugly etc.) insinuating. b) Emotional Social Development of Early Childhood 2-4 years .
[2] Child's social and emotional development is an emotional condition and the child's ability to respond to their environment. At the initial emotional development stage, the division of emotions into 2 classifications [3], namely: a) Primary emotions, namely, basic emotions that arise in humans and also animals and b) conscious emotions, namely, emotions that require cognition, especially self-awareness Children aged 2-4 years have begun to recognize and express their feelings and begin to be able to express their feelings and independence.
The ability to recognize oneself in development from an early stage, especially sensitivity to increasing emotional development.

c) Factors Causing Verbal Violence Performed by Family
Members in Early Childhood 2-4 Years: Everything that causes verbal violence by family members in early childhood 2-4 years must be triggered by causes and events that make them do it lightly. All forms of violence that occur around children are caused by an imbalance in managing the emotions of adults around children. The existence of children as part of a weak community has the potential to become the target of verbal violence by family members.

d) Impact of Verbal Violence on Early Childhood 2-4 Years
All consequences of verbal violence against early childhood are fatal if the result is not known by family/ school members and the child does not get the appropriate treatment, so that the impact will certainly affect the growth and development of the child's life to adulthood.
Verbal violence experienced by children turned out to have a negative impact on the development of the child's next life. According to [7], that based on the results of the Carnegie Institute of Education study shows, 80% of children who enter elementary school have high self-confidence. However, when they are in the next level it drops dramatically.

METHODS
The approach of this research results are relatively large using words, so the researcher uses a qualitative approach. Referring to [8]. This type of research is a type of case study, one of the types of approaches proposed by Creswell. Data collection in this study uses instruments such as: 1) Human instruments, because they are considered to be more flexible and adaptable humans 2) field notes starting from the initial notes, development notes and additional notes, 3) Participant observation (Paticipant Observation) by involving themselves directly with the informants involved in the research arena, Openness of two important elements, namely the researcher and the researched (informant) about the purpose of the research needs to be built in order to know each other's interests [8]. What do you feel after doing verbal violence against children? What is the attitude / expression of your child after experiencing verbal violence? What understanding do you give your child when or after he experiences verbal abuse that you do? Do you know the consequences of verbal violence that are often experienced by your child?
After you know a little about the effects of verbal violence that are often experienced by your child, what efforts will you make to reduce it? Documentation [8] is an important record containing information from individuals, families and schools. Documentation can be in the form of shooting by researchers to strengthen research results. Validity criteria data that must be met in qualitative research in the opinion of [4] there are 4 basic provisions in order to guarantee the quality of qualitative research results, namely: Credibility (level of trust), dependence (dependency), confirmation, and transferability (transferability).
Data analysis techniques in this study, the data was taken at school and in the homes of students who showed indications of different behavior with their peers at school. The data analysis technique used in this study is to apply the stages as stated by [8].

Verbal forms of violence at home and at school
Quote (1) : Excerpt (2) where parental speech is expressed through the use of words that mean blaming and underestimating the activities/ expressions of the child.
Quote ( Quotes (3) Parents blame children when eating because their eating method is not neat because a lot of rice is scattered and falls around the plate. Something similar is found in the following quote.
Quotes (4) SYAVI: He, how come the left hand is " ! Come on, it's not pareng (while glaring and making a high note) (KV.Pen.b.1).
Based on the results of the observation it was concluded that the forms of verbal violence, namely starting from rejection, inappropriate/ labeled expressions, expressions of excessive anger, comparing, reflecting/ degrading children to threatening

Social emotional development of children aged 2 -4
The strength of each child in responding to and surviving environmental behavior is different. There are children who are strong enough to survive when they are victims of the environment, there are also children who are weak and vulnerable to environmental behavior. Easy crying is one indication that the child includes children who are weak towards behavior or reactions from the environment. Various reactions from the environment when the occurrence of verbal violence can vary, some are passive (not responding)/ silent, some are involved and also engage in verbal violence against children Child response: Shut up and accept Context: Presented by parents on March 26, 2019 at rest. The child takes food using his left hand. Parents do not want their children to take food using their left hand and there are speeches that Hepresents , how come the left hand is " ! Come on, it's not pareng (while glaring and voicing with a high tone (KV.Pen.b.1).

Factors that cause family members to verbal abuse
Following are the results of interviews of researchers based on instruments with some parents about the factors that cause parents to commit verbal violence. 1) Recognition from student guardians that they often commit verbal violence to children, both at home and at school.
2) An imbalance between husband's income and household expenses is often the trigger for a husband and wife fight.
3) Husband's behavior which hurts his wife in a certain period (for example: infidelity) greatly affects the child.
4) The belief of parents that verbal violence is a good way to make children obey their parents.
5) The childhood experience of the mother/ father who was treated by his parents was applied to the child in the hope that his child would be much better than his parents.
6) People around the average child like to shout, use harsh and inappropriate words for children, so parents find it difficult to stem and children are influenced by the environment by imitating these habits.

The impact of verbal violence by family members in early childhood 2-4 years.
The following are the results of interviews of researchers with the Mawar Putih playgroup educator who referred to the interview instrument with educators of the Mawar Putih playgroup institution directly.
The various behaviors shown by children in class include: a. If you joke loudly, if asked, the teacher tends to be quiet or answer with a very soft voice and always sleepy while at school (Dino).
b. Like to disturb friends, nosy and rude and seek attention with things that are not good. (Wild and Sakha) and when told tend to answer (reason and argue).
d. Easy to be angry, like to shout. (Zildan).
e. Every time you are asked to do something, always look for his mother for help. (Aditya) and Sauqia The following are the results of interviews of researchers who refer to the instrument of interviewing parents of students from Mawar Putih playgroup in classics when parenting: 1) Good parents are those who are caring, patient and responsible.
2) The intensity of acts of verbal violence in children is very diverse, depending on the delinquency shown by the child.
3) Verbal violence that is usually done by parents is: yelling at children, yelling, belittling, threatening and comparing children.
4) A small part of parents understand the differences in physical violence and verbal violence. 5) Various reasons why parents are overly angry with children are because they are tired, children who cannot be told, fight with their husbands and so that children know they are afraid.
6) A small number of family members know the effects of verbal violence that they often do on children.
7) The majority of family members regret after verbal abuse of children.
8) Not many parents apologize to their children after they commit verbal violence, on average because they are not used to and prestige. 9) One of the motivations of parents to do verbal violence is because they want their children to be good children.
10) Past treatment of parents who are reapplied to their children now.
In this study, researchers also obtained data from the community leaders (Susi Handayani) the guardian of the Mawar Putih playgroup student who expressed her opinion during the interview, as follows: From the experiences that I have experienced while I was waiting for school children, there were indeed a lot of negative things or words expressed by Walimurid, a fellow child guard at school. That experience made me have to be aware to always say positive to children. The following is the result of interviewing researchers with educators and education staff at KB Mawar Putih based on interview instruments, namely: Teachers often find parents who like to compare, threaten and scream loudly at children.

Profile of Forms of Verbal Violence
[9] In this section, the discussion of research findings in the field is in the form of forms of verbal violence, namely in the form of blame and rejection of children's activities, the use of phrases/ terms that are not suitable for children/ labeling, expressions of excessive anger and high pitch comparing children with other children, belittling and degrading children to threatening children. Based on the results of interviews with participants, that which often does verbal violence with all its forms is "mother". The findings of the majority of forms of verbal violence are the type and quality of speech delivered by parents who tend to yell at children, use inappropriate words for early childhood, label, demean and threaten children [10].
Based on the results of observations concluded the forms of verbal violence include:

Rejection of children's opinions / activities
Rejection is the meaning of verbal expressions of adults (parents) against or disagreeing with what children say and do.
2. Use of language/ terms that are not suitable for children/ labeling The use of language that represents a particular situation by taking terms commonly used by parents and relatively poorly understood by children, includes: a) analyzing/ likening children with objects or creatures that are in the picture of parents, b) labeling/ giving nicknames to children because the physical condition of children who have mass specifications: the fat, etc.
3. Daily language options that are not suitable for children. The use of language expressions that are not suitable for children. For example: misuh or say dirty.

Excessive anger expressions
The expression of excessive anger is the act of saying aloud or yelling with insults, including: a) shouting and saying rude to the child, b) cursing the child accompanied by reproach in the form of excessive anger in the form of shouting or invective accompanied by reproach, c) Yelling at children.

Security is an expression.
6. Compare children with objects or other children.
Security is a statement that will do something that can cause someone (target) to feel depressed, tormented or uncomfortable, in the form of: The following is a chart of forms of verbal violence made to make it easier to see the classification and categories of verbal violence according to the results of the study.

Profile of Emotional Social Development of Children Aged 2-4 Years
From the observations, it was found that several main areas of emotional social development in early childhood 2-4 years were institutionalized, including: 1. Social form, a) independence, b) sharing, c) alternating and yielding, d) Friend needs.
2. Emotional form, a) patiently waiting for their turn, b) succumbing and c) knowing good and not good.

1) Economy
The imbalance of the high pressure of life and the limited economic conditions of the family have the potential to reduce emotional control which results in the emergence of various kinds of violence.

2) Education and experience of parents
The educational background and experience of parents greatly influences the intensity of the emergence of verbal violence.
3) Anger against a partner.

4) Parents' perspective on the wrong child
Most parents think children are theirs to the extent that they are permissible and deserve to be treated as they please, for reasons that parents think are true and reasonable.
5) The desire of strong people for their children to obey The expectations of parents are too high for their children to be one of the factors causing verbal violence in the family.

6) Social environment
Reconsidering all forms and values that develop in the community is the wisest thing so that we are not at fault that is considered right because it is done by many people.

Impact of Verbal Violence on Social Emotional Aspects of Early Childhood
From the observations, it was found that some of the main parts of the impact of verbal abuse on the development of social emotional aspects that occur in early childhood 2-4 years include: 1. Social a. The intensity of violence that is often seen around is more easily imitated by children and difficult to be blocked by parents, for example: saying dirty (talking dirty, etc) ".
b. Children who show behavior must always be number one, bossy (instructive), aggressive, want to be earlier than their friends and difficult to succumb to are the result of the behavior of parents who often doctrine (making children as objects of desire).
c. The lack of confidence in children is due to the lack of space and opportunities for children to show their abilities.

Emotional
a. Emotional disorders in the form of children who are irritable (sensitive) and rude caused by the behavior of parents who like to scold children excessively.
b. When parents often yell at children, children tend to do the same thing to other people and even dare to yell at their own parents.
c. The loss of confidence in children to self-actualize (inferior) in building cooperation with their friends / other people.
[1] Children aged 2-4 years with an inadequate level of emotional maturity often show a variety of spontaneous behaviors when they get verbal abuse, including: 1) silent and accepting, 2) ignorant (ignoring) and 3) rejecting / answering and giving reasons. 2. The choice of parenting greatly affects the style and pattern of interaction between family members and early childhood.

CONCLUSION
3. The impact of verbal violence experienced by children directly and spontaneously in the form of changes in expression due to discomfort, but also there is a long-term impact that is felt by the child including the social impact and emotional impact that is relatively permanent and influences all aspects of child development. The impact of verbal violence on early childhood 2-4 years will be permanent if there is no intense and complete treatment, considering that the age of 2-4 years is the golden age of the child's field.
4. Family education in the form of parenting activities is a real effort in order to educate and open the horizons of family members to improve the quality of education and family coaching far better.