The Effect Method of Playing Finger Painting on Creativity Ability And Ability To Espress Languages In Children Age 5-6 Years

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) is a coaching effort that is shown to children from birth and up to the age of six years by providing educational stimuli in growing and developing physical and spiritual potential so that children have readiness to enter further education according to Law No. 20 of 2003 National Education System Article 1 Paragraph 14. Children aged 5-6 years of childhood to always want to know the state of the environment, express what is felt with his feelings and each child has different uniqueness and abilities, so that the child's imagination can develop their creativity . At the age of 5-6 years the child enters the preoprational phase in which the child thinks symbolically as a child can paint pictures and words to come up with new ideas and produce work. According to Maria Montessori's theory, children from birth to six years are sensitive periods in developing their abilities.


INTRODUCTION
Early Childhood Education (PAUD) is a coaching effort that is shown to children from birth and up to the age of six years by providing educational stimuli in growing and developing physical and spiritual potential so that children have readiness to enter further education according to Law No. 20 of 2003 National Education System Article 1 Paragraph 14. Children aged 5-6 years of childhood to always want to know the state of the environment, express what is felt with his feelings and each child has different uniqueness and abilities, so that the child's imagination can develop their creativity . At the age of 5-6 years the child enters the preoprational phase in which the child thinks symbolically as a child can paint pictures and words to come up with new ideas and produce work. According to Maria Montessori's theory, children from birth to six years are sensitive periods in developing their abilities.
The ability shown at this time is the creativity and imagination of children (Ministry of National Education, emerges simultaneously with motor skills, social and cognitive pralinguistic (Fromkin and Rodman, 1998: 318). According to Permendikbud No. 137 of 2014 expressing language, children are able to answer questions in a complex manner, create stories from their imagination and express themselves. According to Owens, 1988(in Otto, 2015 the language of children's tools for telling stories with friends, expressing, playing roles, and attracting attention.
Based on observations, especially kindergarten sabiilus salam, and kindergarten and nur surabaya when making observations on 7-10 January 2019, there are children who find it difficult to express opinions and express ideas in activities that express their imagination, seen during the learning process, there are still many children lack of concentration and less active in learning to hone his imagination. As a result, cognitive abilities in honing creativity and imagination are less developed and have an impact on the ability of language to express ideas.
As for research related to children's creativity. According to Hasibuan, Rahma & Ningrum, M.A. (2016). The title "the influence of outdoor play and finger painting activities on early childhood creativity". The results of the study are (1) the value of df = 1 and the significance level α = 0.05 obtained the coefficient value F = 2.134 and sig. = 0.107, indicating the significance level above α = 0.05 for the implementation of learning by outdoor play, (2) the value of df = 1 and the significance level of α = 0.05 obtained coefficient values F = 1.733 and sig. = 0.171, indicating a significance level above α = 0.05 for the implementation of learning with finger painting activities, and (3) df = 1 value and a significance level of α = 0.05 obtained coefficient values F = 2.778 and sig. = 0.101, indicating the significance level above α = 0.05 for the implementation of learning by playing outdoors and finger painting activities. According to Soylu, b., Unuvar, P., & Pisgin, S. (2015) the title "lineal development characteristics of preschool children paintings. The study uses descriptions with a screening model. By checking 125 images of children aged 2-6 years. The results showed the characteristics of paintings in children can develop language skills depending on the environment and providing information to children in thinking skills, so that it can help children express ideas through pictures.
Based on this statement, the learning process needs to use the method of playing its purpose to develop creativity and express language. According to Sujiono (2009: 145) playing in the learning process that can develop a variety of potential in children, not only fine and gross motor skills, but cognitive, language, social, emotion, creativity. The Play Method is the most powerful tool to hone the ability to express language. According to Catron and Allen, the ability to express language can develop their language expression power when interacting (Sujiono, 2009: 63). Playing methods to hone the child's creativity, when playing children receive new experiences, interact with others, and produce a work. The process of playing to develop the ability of creativity and expressing language is to use the method of playing finger painting.
Finger painting is an intermediary for honing abilities, especially in the habit of expression and exploring imagination with a variety of colors and creating new colors so that they are able to express language through stories from painted imaginations. Finger Painting is one of the intermediaries in channeling children's creativity, channeling ideas and ideas in drawings that have been made (Anissa, Ruli, & Adriani, 2018). Finger painting playing methods develop aspects of physical motor skills, social emotional, arts, language, cognitive and creativity. According to Froebel theory, children are given the opportunity to create, create something with expressions so that children train in the senses, language and play (Rahmat, 2018). Playing finger painting aims to develop expression, enhance children's creativity, develop language expression and respect other people or themselves.
Based on the explanation above, the research would like to test the theory of the method of playing finger painting, by providing learning activities that hone the ability to explore, experiment, express opinions and find different ideas and appreciate work. Aims to maximize the ability of children in developing the ability of creativity and develop confidence to express opinions in accordance with feelings. Researchers arise thinking to conduct research on "the influence of the method of playing finger painting on the ability of creativity and the ability to express language in children aged 5-6 years at TK Sukolilo Surabaya".

METHODS
This type of research uses quantitative research. Quantitative research is used to examine populations or samples by random sampling techniques, data collection using instruments, quantitative or statistical data analysis to test hypotheses that have been set (Sugiyono, 2009: 14). This research was conducted in the first semester of 2019/2020 in July 2019 conducted in children aged 5-6 years in kindergarten district. Sukolilo Surabaya.

Quantitative Methods
This quantitative research method is a type of experimental research (experimental) is a study with research that is objective, systematic and controlled to predict (Siregan, 2013: 05). Experimental research aims to investigate cause and effect relationships, by exposing one or more experimental groups. Aims to measure the influence of independent variables, namely playing finger Painting (X1) and creativity (Y1) and expressing language (Y2).

Data Collection and Research Instruments
Collecting research data using observation, work and performance. Observation is data collection done directly describing the condition of the object (Siregan, 2013: 19). The work is the work of children after doing an activity can be in the form of handwork or art. Performance is an assessment that requires children to perform tasks in action that can be observed such as playing finger painting activities.
The instrument is a research tool to obtain, process and interpret information obtained from respondents with the same measurement pattern (Siregan, 2013: 46).

Statistical Data Analysis
Testing the hypothesis uses ANOVA (Analysis of Variants), namely to test hypotheses with 1 dependent variable and MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance), namely to test hypotheses with 2 or more dependent variables (Siregan, 2013: 203). If the value of Fcount> Ftable, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. If the value of Fcount> Ftable, then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected. If the Asym.Sig value > 0.05 then the data distribution is declared normal.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The results of the ability to creativity and express language were obtained from the initial and final observations given to each group which included: Sabiilus salam kindergarten group totaling 30 experimental group children and An-Nur kindergarten totaling 24 control group children. Tk Raden Paku the experimental group totaling 30 children and the TK group Raden Paku the control group totaling 23 children.

Test Validity
Sugiyono (2017: 173) instrument diyatakn valid instrument can measure something that must be accepted.
In creativity using one sample Kolmogorov Smirnov Test with the help of computer software SPSS 25.

STTPA Indicator Declaration Item No item
Solve the problem Shows exploratory activities.
Can explore how to make paint for finger painting. The validity test reveals the language using construct validity, which is the observation sheet per indicator item adjusted to K13 with the item validity test using the Corrected item-Toral Correlation formula through the help of SPSS 25.0 for window.

Test Reliability
Research reliability has a certainty or instrumentity in the process of evaluating using SPSS 25 computer software. If Cropabach's Alpa value (a) is greater than 0.60, the research data is considered to be quite good and

Data Analysis Test
The results of data analysis from the hypothesis test taken in the study. The research hypothesis consists of three hypotheses in the problem statement in chapter 1.
One way Anova test to test the first hypothesis is the Fcount value of 187.516> Ftable value of 3.15 and the significance value of p value 0.000 <with a level of 5% or 0.05. Fcount is greater than Ftable so Ho is rejected and accepts Ha1 which means that the method of playing finger painting significantly influences creativity.
One way Anova test to test the second hypothesis is the calculated F value of 160.922 > F table value of 3.15 with a level of 5% or 0.05. Fcount is greater than Ftable so Ho is rejected and accepts Ha1, which means that finger painting significantly influences the language of children aged 5-6 years.
MANOVA test results to test the third hypothesis is the calculated Fvalue of 165.122> Ftable value of 3.15 with a level of 5% or 0.05. Fcount is greater than Ftable so Ho is rejected and accepts Ha1 which means that the method of playing finger painting significantly influences the ability of creativity and the ability to express the language of children aged 5-6 years.

CONCLUSION
The results of the data analysis and discussion of the results of the study, then completed with the formulation of the problem and research objectives, it can be concluded that: