PENERAPAN DESIGN-BASED RESEARCH DALAM PERANCANGAN SHELTER SEMENTARA MODULAR DENGAN SISTEM TOOLLESS ASSEMBLY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/arj.v13i1.26415Keywords:
design based research, efisiensi logistik, hunian pasca bencana, shelter modular, struktur akordion, toolless assemblyAbstract
Penyediaan hunian sementara pasca bencana di Indonesia masih menghadapi kendala efisiensi logistik, keterbatasan tenaga terampil, dan rendahnya kualitas kenyamanan termal pada tenda darurat konvensional. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan adanya kesenjangan antara kebutuhan respons cepat dan kapasitas sistem distribusi serta konstruksi di lapangan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan desain shelter modular yang mampu meningkatkan kecepatan perakitan, efisiensi distribusi, dan adaptabilitas ruang berbasis unit keluarga.Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui strategi Design-Based Research (DBR) yang bersifat iteratif, meliputi analisis kebutuhan, pengembangan prototipe, dan evaluasi konseptual berdasarkan standar rumah sehat (≥7,2 m²/orang) serta parameter efisiensi logistik. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan prototipe shelter modular seluas ±31,5 m² dengan sistem struktur akordion terintegrasi dengan mekanisme toolless assembly. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada integrasi sistem lipat-struktural dan perakitan tanpa perkakas yang memungkinkan instalasi mandiri berbasis gotong royong, sekaligus meningkatkan rasio distribusi hingga tiga unit per kendaraan pikap. Penggunaan material reusable dan integrasi rainwater harvesting memperkuat aspek keberlanjutan. Secara konseptual, model ini menawarkan paradigma shelter sebagai aset logistik modular siap guna, bukan sekadar tenda darurat sementara.
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