ARSITEKTUR BIOKLIMATIK DALAM RUMAH VERNAKULAR SULAWESI SELATAN: KAJIAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/arj.v13i1.24882Keywords:
arsitektur bioklimatik, rumah vernakular, sulawesi selatan, kenyamanan termalAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh arsitektur bioklimatik terhadap rumah vernakular di Sulawesi Selatan melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Sebanyak 253 jurnal dari Google Scholar dan Scopus (2015–2025) disaring menggunakan PoP, Mendeley Cite, dan VosViewer, hingga diperoleh 16 jurnal relevan. Variabel utama yang dianalisis meliputi orientasi bangunan, bentuk atap, sistem ventilasi alami, penggunaan material lokal, serta pencapaian kenyamanan termal. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa rumah vernakular di Sulawesi Selatan telah menerapkan prinsip bioklimatik secara alami, seperti orientasi bangunan, bentuk atap, ventilasi alami, dan penggunaan material lokal. Lima aspek dominan yang ditemukan meliputi adaptasi iklim tropis, material lokal, kenyamanan termal, efisiensi energi, dan optimalisasi ventilasi. Fokus khusus diberikan pada rumah Suku Duri karena posisinya yang unik sebagai zona transisi antara budaya Bugis dan Toraja, sehingga memperlihatkan potensi adaptif sekaligus tantangan akibat degradasi bentuk arsitektur asli. Minimnya kajian spesifik terhadap rumah Duri menandakan celah ilmiah yang penting. Arsitektur bioklimatik diposisikan sebagai pendekatan strategis untuk pelestarian dan pengembangan desain yang berkelanjutan dan kontekstual di masa depan.
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