Pemanfaatan Bakteri Halotoleran Untuk Meningkatkan Toleransi Padi Terhadap Cekaman Salinitas: Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29103/agrium.v22i3.24495Keywords:
Bioinokulan, halotoleran, padi, salinitasAbstract
Salinitas merupakan salah satu masalah global utama yang mengancam keberlanjutan pertanian, dengan lebih dari 20% lahan irigasi dunia terdampak dan diprediksi meningkat akibat perubahan iklim, intrusi air laut, serta praktik pengelolaan lahan yang kurang tepat. Secara regional, dampak salinisasi sangat terasa di wilayah pesisir Asia, termasuk Indonesia, di mana padi sebagai komoditas pangan utama mengalami penurunan produktivitas yang signifikan. Berbagai pendekatan konvensional seperti perbaikan irigasi, pencucian garam, dan penggunaan varietas toleran masih memiliki keterbatasan biaya dan efektivitas jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, solusi alternatif yang ramah lingkungan semakin mendesak untuk dikaji dan diimplementasikan. Salah satu pendekatan yang menjanjikan adalah pemanfaatan bakteri halotoleran sebagai bio-inokulan. Artikel ini merupakan kajian literatur sistematis terhadap 67 publikasi ilmiah internasional (2016–2025) yang diperoleh dari basis data Google Scholar dan Scopus (Q1–Q4), menggunakan kata kunci bioinoculant; halotolerant-bacteria; rice; salinity-stress. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa bakteri halotoleran seperti Bacillus, Pseudomonas, dan Halomonas dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan hara, merangsang produksi fitohormon, mengaktifkan enzim antioksidan, memperbaiki struktur tanah, serta menurunkan akumulasi ion toksik Na⁺ dan Cl⁻. Temuan ini menegaskan urgensi pemanfaatan bakteri halotoleran sebagai strategi bioteknologi yang berkelanjutan untuk meningkatkan toleransi padi terhadap cekaman salinitas. Implikasinya, penggunaan bio-inokulan halotoleran tidak hanya mendukung ketahanan pangan nasional di daerah pesisir tetapi juga berkontribusi pada pencapaian agenda pertanian berkelanjutan secara global.
References
Acharya, B. R., Gill, S. P., Kaundal, A., & Sandhu, D. (2024). Strategies for combating plant salinity stress: the potential of plant growth-promoting microorganisms. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1406913
Ahmed, V., Verma, M. K., Gupta, S., Mandhan, V., & Chauhan, N. S. (2018). Metagenomic Profiling of Soil Microbes to Mine Salt Stress Tolerance Genes. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00159
Aini, L., Aini, N., Yamika, W., & Setiawan, A. (2022). Screening of Plant Growth-Promoting Halotolerant Bacteria Isolated from Weeds Rhizosphere Grown in Saline Soil. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v44i2.3756
Aini, N., Yamika, W. S. D., Kurniasari, N., Nugroho, A., & Aini, L. Q. (2023). The effect of halotolerant bacteria isolated from saline soil on the growth and yield of maize in saline soil. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management, 10(3), 4341. https://doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2023.103.4341
Aizaz, M., Lubna, Ahmad, W., Khan, I., Asaf, S., Bilal, S., Jan, R., Asif, S., Waqas, M., Khan, A. L., Kim, K.-M., & AL-Harrasi, A. (2023). Exploring the potential of halotolerant bacteria from coastal regions to mitigate salinity stress in wheat: physiological, molecular, and biochemical insights. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1224731
Alkharabsheh, H. M., Seleiman, M. F., Hewedy, O. A., Battaglia, M. L., Jalal, R. S., Alhammad, B. A., Schillaci, C., Ali, N., & Al-Doss, A. (2021). Field Crop Responses and Management Strategies to Mitigate Soil Salinity in Modern Agriculture: A Review. Agronomy, 11(11), 2299. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112299
Balasubramaniam, T., Shen, G., Esmaeili, N., & Zhang, H. (2023). Plants’ Response Mechanisms to Salinity Stress. Plants, 12(12), 2253. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12122253
Bhagat, N., Raghav, M., Dubey, S., & Bedi, N. (2021). Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: Insight into Their Role in Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 31(8), 1045–1059. https://doi.org/10.4014/jmb.2105.05009
Chele, K. H., Tinte, M. M., Piater, L. A., Dubery, I. A., & Tugizimana, F. (2021). Soil Salinity, a Serious Environmental Issue and Plant Responses: A Metabolomics Perspective. Metabolites, 11(11), 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110724
Dewi, E. S., Abdulai, I., Bracho-Mujica, G., & Rötter, R. P. (2022). Salinity Constraints for Small-Scale Agriculture and Impact on Adaptation in North Aceh, Indonesia. Agronomy, 12(2), 341. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020341
Doni, F., Suhaimi, N. S. M., Mispan, M. S., Fathurrahman, F., Marzuki, B. M., Kusmoro, J., & Uphoff, N. (2022). Microbial Contributions for Rice Production: From Conventional Crop Management to the Use of ‘Omics’ Technologies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(2), 737. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020737
Egamberdieva, D., Wirth, S., Bellingrath-Kimura, S. D., Mishra, J., & Arora, N. K. (2019). Salt-Tolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Enhancing Crop Productivity of Saline Soils. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02791
Etesami, H., & Beattie, G. A. (2018). Mining Halophytes for Plant Growth-Promoting Halotolerant Bacteria to Enhance the Salinity Tolerance of Non-halophytic Crops. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00148
Evelin, H., Devi, T. S., Gupta, S., & Kapoor, R. (2019). Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Plants by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis: Current Understanding and New Challenges. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00470
Fadiji, A. E., Xiong, C., Egidi, E., & Singh, B. K. (2024). Formulation challenges associated with microbial biofertilizers in sustainable agriculture and paths forward. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.70006
Formentin, E. (2017). Salt Tolerance in Crops: Not Only a Matter of Gene Regulation. Plant Physiology, 174(3), 1287–1288. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.17.00747
Giannelli, G., Potestio, S., & Visioli, G. (2023). The Contribution of PGPR in Salt Stress Tolerance in Crops: Unravelling the Molecular Mechanisms of Cross-Talk between Plant and Bacteria. Plants, 12(11), 2197. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12112197
Gopalakrishnan, T., Kumar, L., & Mikunthan, T. (2020). Assessment of Spatial and Temporal Trend of Groundwater Salinity in Jaffna Peninsula and Its Link to Paddy Land Abandonment. Sustainability, 12(9), 3681. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093681
Guevara-Luna, J., Arroyo-Herrera, I., Tapia-García, E. Y., Estrada-de los Santos, P., Ortega-Nava, A. J., & Vásquez-Murrieta, M. S. (2024). Diversity and Biotechnological Potential of Cultivable Halophilic and Halotolerant Bacteria from the “Los Negritos” Geothermal Area. Microorganisms, 12(3), 482. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030482
Hanin, M., Ebel, C., Ngom, M., Laplaze, L., & Masmoudi, K. (2016). New Insights on Plant Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Their Potential Use for Breeding. Frontiers in Plant Science, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.01787
Hidri, R., Metoui‐Ben Mahmoud, O., Zorrig, W., Azcon, R., Abdelly, C., & Debez, A. (2023). The halotolerant rizhobacterium Glutamicibacter sp. alleviates salt impact on Phragmites australis by producing exopolysaccharides and limiting plant sodium uptake. Plant Direct, 7(10). https://doi.org/10.1002/pld3.535
Ilangumaran, G., & Smith, D. L. (2017). Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Amelioration of Salinity Stress: A Systems Biology Perspective. Frontiers in Plant Science, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01768
Irwandhi, I., Khumairah, F. H., Sofyan, E. T., Ukit, U., Satria, R. E., Salsabilla, A., Sauri, M. S., & Simarmata, T. (2024). Innovative Regenerative Technologies for Enhancing Resilience in Salinity‐Stressed Rice Fields Along the Indonesian Coast: Promoting Net‐Zero Farming Practices to Adapt to Climate Change. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.70026
Ismail, A. M., & Horie, T. (2017). Genomics, Physiology, and Molecular Breeding Approaches for Improving Salt Tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 68(1), 405–434. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-042916-040936
Kapadia, C., Patel, N., Rana, A., Vaidya, H., Alfarraj, S., Ansari, M., Gafur, A., Poczai, P., & Sayyed, R. (2022). Evaluation of Plant Growth-Promoting and Salinity Ameliorating Potential of Halophilic Bacteria Isolated From Saline Soil. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.946217
Khalifa, T., Elbagory, M., & Omara, A. E.-D. (2021). Salt Stress Amelioration in Maize Plants through Phosphogypsum Application and Bacterial Inoculation. Plants, 10(10), 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102024
Khumairah, F. H., Setiawati, M. R., Fitriatin, B. N., Simarmata, T., Alfaraj, S., Ansari, M. J., Enshasy, H. A. El, Sayyed, R. Z., & Najafi, S. (2022). Halotolerant Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Isolated From Saline Soil Improve Nitrogen Fixation and Alleviate Salt Stress in Rice Plants. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.905210
Kumar, A., Singh, S., Gaurav, A. K., Srivastava, S., & Verma, J. P. (2020). Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: Biological Tools for the Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Plants. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01216
Lata, R., Chowdhury, S., Gond, S. K., & White, J. F. (2018). Induction of abiotic stress tolerance in plants by endophytic microbes. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 66(4), 268–276. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.12855
Masmoudi, F., Alsafran, M., Jabri, H. AL, Hosseini, H., Trigui, M., Sayadi, S., Tounsi, S., & Saadaoui, I. (2023). Halobacteria-Based Biofertilizers: A Promising Alternative for Enhancing Soil Fertility and Crop Productivity under Biotic and Abiotic Stresses—A Review. Microorganisms, 11(5), 1248. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11051248
Miller, A. K., & Nielsen, B. L. (2021). Analysis of Gene Expression Changes in Plants Grown in Salty Soil in Response to Inoculation with Halophilic Bacteria. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(7), 3611. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22073611
Morcillo, R., & Manzanera, M. (2021). The Effects of Plant-Associated Bacterial Exopolysaccharides on Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Metabolites, 11(6), 337. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11060337
Naamala, J., & Smith, D. L. (2020). Relevance of Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms and Their Derived Compounds, in the Face of Climate Change. Agronomy, 10(8), 1179. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10081179
Nasrudin, N., Wahyudhi, A., & Gian, A. (2022). KARAKTERISTIK PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL DUA VARIETAS PADI TERCEKAM GARAM NaCl. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 10(1), 111. https://doi.org/10.23960/jat.v10i1.5193
Nawaz, A., Shahbaz, M., Asadullah, Imran, A., Marghoob, M. U., Imtiaz, M., & Mubeen, F. (2020). Potential of Salt Tolerant PGPR in Growth and Yield Augmentation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Saline Conditions. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.02019
Nazhifan, S. F., Dewi, K., & Asih, E. N. N. (2023). Bakteri halofilik dan halotoleran dari air baku tambak garam Universitas Trunojoyo Madura. Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia, 26(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v26i1.44536
Oelviani, R., Adiyoga, W., Mahatma Yuda Bakti, I. G., Suhendrata, T., Malik, A., Chanifah, C., Samijan, S., Sahara, D., Arif Sutanto, H., Wulanjari, M. E., Utomo, B., Susila, A., Kurnia Jatuningtyas, R., & Sihombing, Y. (2024). Climate Change Driving Salinity: An Overview of Vulnerabilities, Adaptations, and Challenges for Indonesian Agriculture. Weather, Climate, and Society, 16(1), 29–49. https://doi.org/10.1175/WCAS-D-23-0025.1
Ondrasek, G., Rathod, S., Manohara, K. K., Gireesh, C., Anantha, M. S., Sakhare, A. S., Parmar, B., Yadav, B. K., Bandumula, N., Raihan, F., Zielińska-Chmielewska, A., Meriño-Gergichevich, C., Reyes-Díaz, M., Khan, A., Panfilova, O., Seguel Fuentealba, A., Romero, S. M., Nabil, B., Wan, C. (Craig), … Horvatinec, J. (2022). Salt Stress in Plants and Mitigation Approaches. Plants, 11(6), 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11060717
Ouyabe, M., Irie, K., Tanaka, N., Kikuno, H., Pachakkil, B., & Shiwachi, H. (2020). Response of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Inoculated with Non-Native Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria. Agronomy, 10(6), 903. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060903
Pallavi, Mishra, R. K., Sahu, P. K., Mishra, V., Jamal, H., Varma, A., & Tripathi, S. (2023). Isolation and characterization of halotolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from mangrove region of Sundarbans, India for enhanced crop productivity. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1122347
Patankar, V. P. Z. M. P. (2021). Physiological aspects of the halophilic and halotolerant fungi, and their potential applications. Novel Research in Microbiology Journal, 5(5), 1371–1391. https://doi.org/10.21608/nrmj.2021.199315
Patel, M., Vurukonda, S. S. K. P., & Patel, A. (2023). Multi-trait Halotolerant Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria Mitigate Induced Salt Stress and Enhance Growth of Amaranthus Viridis. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 23, 1860–1883. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-023-01143-4
Patel, V. K., Srivastava, R., Sharma, A., Srivastava, A. K., Singh, S., Srivastava, A. K., Kashyap, P. L., Chakdar, H., Pandiyan, K., Kalra, A., & Saxena, A. K. (2018). Halotolerant Exiguobacterium profundum PHM11 Tolerate Salinity by Accumulating L-Proline and Fine-Tuning Gene Expression Profiles of Related Metabolic Pathways. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00423
Ramasamy, K. P., & Mahawar, L. (2023). Coping with salt stress-interaction of halotolerant bacteria in crop plants: A mini review. Frontiers in Microbiology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1077561
Remonsellez, F., Castro-Severyn, J., Pardo-Esté, C., Aguilar, P., Fortt, J., Salinas, C., Barahona, S., León, J., Fuentes, B., Areche, C., Hernández, K. L., Aguayo, D., & Saavedra, C. P. (2018). Characterization and Salt Response in Recurrent Halotolerant Exiguobacterium sp. SH31 Isolated From Sediments of Salar de Huasco, Chilean Altiplano. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02228
Rodríguez Coca, L. I., García González, M. T., Gil Unday, Z., Jiménez Hernández, J., Rodríguez Jáuregui, M. M., & Fernández Cancio, Y. (2023). Effects of Sodium Salinity on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivation: A Review. Sustainability, 15(3), 1804. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15031804
Ruginescu, R., Gomoiu, I., Popescu, O., Cojoc, R., Neagu, S., Lucaci, I., Batrinescu-Moteau, C., & Enache, M. (2020). Bioprospecting for Novel Halophilic and Halotolerant Sources of Hydrolytic Enzymes in Brackish, Saline and Hypersaline Lakes of Romania. Microorganisms, 8(12), 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121903
Saberi Riseh, R., Ebrahimi-Zarandi, M., Tamanadar, E., Moradi Pour, M., & Thakur, V. K. (2021). Salinity Stress: Toward Sustainable Plant Strategies and Using Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Encapsulation for Reducing It. Sustainability, 13(22), 12758. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132212758
Safitri, H., Purwoko, B. S., Dewi, I. S., & Ardie, S. W. (2018). SALINITY TOLERANCE OF SEVERAL RICE GENOTYPES AT SEEDLING STAGE. Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science, 18(2), 63. https://doi.org/10.21082/ijas.v18n2.2017.p63-68
Shahid, M. A., Sarkhosh, A., Khan, N., Balal, R. M., Ali, S., Rossi, L., Gómez, C., Mattson, N., Nasim, W., & Garcia-Sanchez, F. (2020). Insights into the Physiological and Biochemical Impacts of Salt Stress on Plant Growth and Development. Agronomy, 10(7), 938. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10070938
Sharma, S., Kulkarni, J., & Jha, B. (2016). Halotolerant Rhizobacteria Promote Growth and Enhance Salinity Tolerance in Peanut. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01600
Shilev, S. (2020). Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants. Applied Sciences, 10(20), 7326. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207326
Shokri, N., Hassani, A., & Sahimi, M. (2024). Multi‐Scale Soil Salinization Dynamics From Global to Pore Scale: A Review. Reviews of Geophysics, 62(4). https://doi.org/10.1029/2023RG000804
Shultana, R., Tan Kee Zuan, A., Yusop, M. R., Mohd Saud, H., & Ayanda, A. F. (2020). Effect of Salt-Tolerant Bacterial Inoculations on Rice Seedlings Differing in Salt-Tolerance under Saline Soil Conditions. Agronomy, 10(7), 1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10071030
Shultana, R., Zuan, A. T. K., Naher, U. A., Islam, A. K. M. M., Rana, Md. M., Rashid, Md. H., Irin, I. J., Islam, S. S., Rim, A. A., & Hasan, A. K. (2022). The PGPR Mechanisms of Salt Stress Adaptation and Plant Growth Promotion. Agronomy, 12(10), 2266. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102266
Simarmata, T., Prayoga, M. K., Setiawati, M. R., Adinata, K., & Stӧber, S. (2023). Environmentally friendly bioameliorant to increase soil fertility and rice ( Oryza sativa ) production. Open Agriculture, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0185
Stavi, I., Thevs, N., & Priori, S. (2021). Soil Salinity and Sodicity in Drylands: A Review of Causes, Effects, Monitoring, and Restoration Measures. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2021.712831
Sumardi, S., Farisi, S., Ekowati, C. N., Arifiyanto, A., & Rahmawati, D. E. (2020). Halotolerant Bacillus sp. for Mannan Degradation Isolated from Mangrove Ecosystem at Hanura Beach Lampung. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 14(2), 1237–1244. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.14.2.18
Sunita, K., Mishra, I., Mishra, J., Prakash, J., & Arora, N. K. (2020). Secondary Metabolites From Halotolerant Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Ameliorating Salinity Stress in Plants. Frontiers in Microbiology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.567768
Taratima, W., Chomarsa, T., & Maneerattanarungroj, P. (2022). Salinity Stress Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Luem Pua) Calli and Seedlings. Scientifica, 2022, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5616683
Tedeschi, A., Schillaci, M., & Balestrini, R. (2023). Mitigating the impact of soil salinity: recent developments and future strategies. Italian Journal of Agronomy. https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2022.2173
Teo, H. M., A., A., A., W. A., Bhubalan, K., S., S. N. M., C. I., M. S., & Ng, L. C. (2022). Setting a Plausible Route for Saline Soil-Based Crop Cultivations by Application of Beneficial Halophyte-Associated Bacteria: A Review. Microorganisms, 10(3), 657. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10030657
Ullah, A., Bano, A., & Khan, N. (2021). Climate Change and Salinity Effects on Crops and Chemical Communication Between Plants and Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms Under Stress. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2021.618092
Wiyono, S., Istiaji, B., Triwidodo, H., & Suryaningsih, A. septiana. (2020). Abundance of soil microbes, endophytic fungi and blast disease of paddy rice with three pest management practices. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(9). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d210939
Yang, J., Li, W., Teng, D., Yang, X., Zhang, Y., & Li, Y. (2022). Metagenomic Insights into Microbial Community Structure, Function, and Salt Adaptation in Saline Soils of Arid Land, China. Microorganisms, 10(11), 2183. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112183
Yasmin, H., Naeem, S., Bakhtawar, M., Jabeen, Z., Nosheen, A., Naz, R., Keyani, R., Mumtaz, S., & Hassan, M. N. (2020). Halotolerant rhizobacteria Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes and Bacillus subtilis mediate systemic tolerance in hydroponically grown soybean (Glycine max L.) against salinity stress. PLOS ONE, 15(4), e0231348. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0231348
Zamanzadeh-Nasrabadi, S. M., Mohammadiapanah, F., Hosseini-Mazinani, M., & Sarikhan, S. (2023). Salinity stress endurance of the plants with the aid of bacterial genes. Frontiers in Genetics, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2023.1049608
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication and this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal.
