Correction and Retraction

The Journal of Marine Studies (JoMS) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scientific record. After publication, if a significant error is identified in an article (whether by the authors, editors, or readers) that affects the clarity, data, or interpretation but does not compromise the overall conclusions, a formal correction will be issued. Authors are expected to report such errors promptly to the editorial office at joms@unimal.ac.id, providing a clear explanation of the issue, the corrected text, and confirmation from all co-authors. Corrections are reviewed by the editorial team and, if approved, published in a subsequent issue of the journal. The original article remains unchanged, except for a notice indicating the correction and linking to the correction notice. Minor typographical errors that do not affect the article's content may be silently corrected at the discretion of the editors.

The papers published in the JoMS will be considered to be retracted in the publication if: (1) They have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g., data fabrication) or honest error (e.g., miscalculation or experimental error), (2) The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification (i.e., cases of redundant publication), (3) It constitutes plagiarism, (4) It reports unethical research. Retractions may be requested by the authors or initiated by the editors following a thorough review, which may involve consultation with the authors’ institutions or relevant ethics bodies. A formal retraction notice will be published, clearly stating the reasons for retraction and linked to the original article, which will remain publicly accessible but clearly marked as retracted. The journal follows international best practices, including the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), in all matters relating to correction and retraction. These policies aim to ensure the integrity of the academic record and the trust of our readers and contributors.